Familiar with the term free radicals
Free radicals are atoms or groups of atoms that have an unpaired electron or free so they are very reactive because they tend to capture an electron from stable molecules in order to achieve its electrochemical stability. Once the free radical has managed to remove the electron it needs, a stable molecule that gives it in turn becomes a free radical to stay with an unpaired electron, thus starting a real chain reaction that destroys our cells. The biological half-life of free radical is of microseconds, but has the ability to react with everything around him causing great damage to molecules, cell membranes and tissues. Free radicals are not inherently deleterious, indeed, our own body produces them in moderation to fight bacteria and viruses.
These actions take place constantly in the cells of our body, a process that must be controlled with adequate antioxidant protection. An antioxidant is a substance capable of neutralizing the oxidant action of free radicals through the release of electrons in our blood, which are captured by free radicals. The health problem occurs when our body has to bear an excess of free radicals for years, caused mostly by external pollutants, mainly from air pollution and cigarette smoke, those who produce different types of free radicals in our body. The consumption of hydrogenated vegetable oils such as margarine and trans fatty acid consumption of fats such as meat and milk also contribute to increased free radicals
OXIDATIVE STRESS
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) is the term applied collectively to the radical and radical molecules that are oxidizing agents and / or are easily converted to radicals. In the last decade evidence has accumulated to support the conclusion that free radicals and reactive species all involved play a central role in our homeostatic balance, which is the normal functioning of the regulatory mechanisms that maintain normal physiological state of organisms. In mammals many pathophysiological processes caused by these species such as the pathogenic mechanisms associated with viruses, bacteria, parasites and abnormal cells, forming a body’s defense mechanism against these aggressors. When the increase in the expression of ROS exceeds the antioxidant defenses of the cell produces oxidative stress, through which induces damage to biomolecules such as lipids, proteins and nucleic acids. Oxidative stress occurs in various pathological conditions in which cellular function is impaired, contributing or feeding back the development of degenerative diseases such as atherosclerosis, cardiomyopathy, neurological diseases and cancer
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